उत्तम: पुरुषस्त्वन्य: परमात्मेत्युदाहृत: |
यो लोकत्रयमाविश्य बिभर्त्यव्यय ईश्वर: || 17||
uttamaḥ puruṣhas tv anyaḥ paramātmety udāhṛitaḥ
yo loka-trayam āviśhya bibharty avyaya īśhvaraḥ
uttamaḥ—the Supreme; puruṣhaḥ—Divine Personality; tu—but; anyaḥ—besides; parama-ātmā—the Supreme Soul; iti—thus; udāhṛitaḥ—is said; yaḥ—who; loka trayam—the three worlds; āviśhya—enters; bibharti—supports; avyayaḥ—indestructible; īśhvaraḥ—the controller
Translation:
But there is another Being, the Highest, called the Supreme Self, who, as the Immutable, pervades and sustains the three worlds.
Commentary:
Different from the perishable bodies, and the Jiva, migrating from body to body, is the Supreme Purusha. He is distinct from the Jiva, who is only a reflected being of Paramatma. Is not the Supreme Purusha higher than the perishing bodies, and the Jiva bound by delusion to the vehicles of the body, senses and mind? The Supreme Purusha is ever free (nityamuktah), whereas the Jiva attains Mukti by knowledge of the Supreme Purusha. The Jiva is associated with the three Gunas, but Paramatma is free from the Gunas; He is Gunatita. Therefore He is known as the Supreme Purusha or Purushottama.
Some people live in the state of the body (have dehasthiti), and some in the state of the Jiva (have Jivasthiti). He who lives in Atma alone is the Supreme Purusha. This is the goal to be attained by all with determined effort. The thoughtful man should not waste his life in the bound conditions of the Jiva. He should find his freedom and perfection. He should go beyond the body-state, the Jiva-state and realise the Atmic state (i.e) the state of the Supreme Purusha. That is the end and aim of life. Nothing else can fulfill the true purpose of life.
Anyah: He is distinct from the body and mind. He is the witness (sakshi). The Jiva should realise that He is not affected by the modifications of the body and mind, and that he is the changeless imperishable Atma. This determined thought of his own purity, immutability, and immoratality is to be cultivated, strengthened and confirmed till he comes to rest in Atma, apart from everything else.
When one understands the nature and power of Paramatma his faith in Him would become firm and unshakable. Two attributes are mentioned here (1) He is the supporter, the controller, and the Lord of the three worlds. (2) He is indestructible. Having permeated the world, He is controlling all the forces in the universe. When all the bodies (upadhis) and the Jiva cease to exist, He shines alone eternally. The Jiva ceases to exist when he realises his true nature. all the
Question: Is Paramatma distinct from Kshara and Akshara Purushas?
Answer: Yes. He is. He is the Supreme Purusha.
Question: What is His nature?
Answer: (1) Having entered the three worlds, He sustains them. He is the Ruler of the Universe. (2) He is indestructible.
Question: What then is man’s duty?
Answer: Transcending the Kshara and Akshara states, man should attain the plane of Purushottama.
Bhagavad Gita: Chapter 15 🔻 (20 Verses)
